Earthquakes are serious business. However, because of their sudden onset, there’s often only enough time to grab one or two belongings and run for cover. While this leaves most of your house exposed, there are a few preventative measures you can take to minimise damage. In this article, we will be discussing the best ways to earthquake-proof your windows. From risk assessment to installation tips, we’re covering everything so that when disaster strikes, you and your windows will be prepared.
Before we get into the nitty-gritty, it’s important to understand how Earthquakes actually impact windows. You might wonder, aren't building codes designed to protect us from such disasters? While New Zealand’s building codes do their best to ensure structural integrity, windows remain inherently fragile.
Earthquakes generate powerful seismic waves that shake the ground and, consequently, the buildings standing on it. These tremors cause buildings to sway and shift, putting immense stress on all parts of the structure. While the main framework of a building is designed to withstand these forces, windows are another story. The intense vibrations can cause the glass to crack, shatter, or even pop out of its frames.
Assessing the risk to your windows during an earthquake involves evaluating building height, window size, and materials used. Here’s what you need to know:
After you’ve assessed your risks, you’ll need to take preventative measures. While there are no hard and fast rules about earthquake-proofing we’ve got three methods that everyone can benefit from:
A window film is a fairly simple, but easy option. While it may not add much structural support, this thin, transparent layer sticks to your windows and holds the glass together if it breaks. Easy to install on existing windows and cost-effective, window film is a quick and practical upgrade to protect against shards and debris.
For those looking to go all out, shatterproof glass is the perfect option. Laminated glass, made by sandwiching a plastic layer between two sheets of glass, holds together even if it breaks, preventing dangerous splinters. Tempered glass, on the other hand, is heat-treated to be four to five times stronger than regular glass, and when it breaks, it crumbles into small, harmless pieces. Both options provide excellent resistance to the intense shaking and stress caused by earthquakes.
The right window frames can make a huge difference in how well your windows withstand an earthquake as they absorb the brunt of the impact.
You know what they say - it’s better safe than sorry. So, for those in earthquake-prone areas, consider implementing one of these lesser-known strategies:
Your blinds, curtains, and other window treatments are more than just decorative—they can also pose a risk during an earthquake. Heavy curtains can help contain shattered glass while roller sunscreen blinds and roller blockout blinds often contain purpose-built metal rods. These rods can act as additional window bracing which can make all the difference when it comes to small earthquakes.
Having an emergency plan can make all the difference. Know how to quickly cover your windows—having pre-cut pieces of plywood or heavy blankets on hand can be a lifesaver in keeping shattered glass contained. Practice your emergency plan with your family, ensuring everyone knows where to find these coverings and how to secure them quickly. For the worst-case scenario, identify the safest places in your home to take shelter during an earthquake, such as under sturdy furniture or against interior walls away from windows.
All across Aotearoa, people have started earthquake-proofing their homes and windows. This was especially common after the devastating 2011 Christchurch earthquake, many buildings in the city undertook significant retrofitting efforts to enhance their earthquake resilience. For example, the Christchurch Art Gallery installed laminated glass windows and reinforced frames to prevent shattering and ensure the structural integrity of the building. These measures proved effective during subsequent tremors, demonstrating the importance of proactive window protection.
While many buildings in other earthquake-prone areas have taken similar measures, some experts believe this isn’t enough. Lloyd, from the University of Wellington, wrote on the seismic failure of glass in domestic construction in an attempt to raise awareness of window protection. He claims “The financial loss from glass breakage due to earthquakes is serious enough to warrant inclusion in the New Zealand building regulations.” While it’s still not mandatory yet, we think it’s definitely the smart choice.
By implementing these window protection strategies, you're not just preparing for the next earthquake—you're investing in your home's resilience and safety. From understanding earthquake forces to choosing the right materials and having an emergency plan, every step you take makes a difference. Stay ahead of the game and ensure that when the ground shakes, your windows—and peace of mind—remain intact.
